PRESENCE OF BACTERIA AROUND PRISCAPAC PENINSULA

          During our research it was necessary to determine the presence of bacteria, because they are important indicator of pollution. The research was organized in a way that we put the samples of air, sea water and soil in petries bowls, For each sample we used two bowls, one with agar + agar and one with agar + blood. We also took two samples of sea water and soil, one taken from the spot A and the other from the spot B.

          Then we put those petries bowls on the window – sill so that the bacteria could get enough warm for their growth. The last day af our staying in Priscapac we checked petries bowls. We got these results in the bowls with the samples of air, bacteria were not developed which means that the air in clean, not polluted. Only fungi grew. In the bowls with the samples of sea water two Eschericiae Coli grew but in allowable amounts ( 200/100 mL ).

           In the bowls with the samples of soil Eschericiae Coli and Protens grew as we expected. There were also fungi.Priscapac is relatively clean and preserved from pollution and  we think that it should stay as such.                                        

INVESTIGATION OF AIR, RUBBISH AND NOISE POLLUTION OF AREA OF PRISCAPAC

In order to establish the air pollution we hauged sheets of white paper on trees and left them there for 24 hours. After one day we took then down and examined. They were as clean as when they were first put on trees. This shows that the air is not polluted. There was also no noise pollution. We could hear only sounds of nature – birds singing and sound of wawes. But presence of rubbish was quite big. We collected it all around penninsula, we clasified and disposed it in suittable rubbish site. These are the items we found :

            36 plastic bags, 5 plastic straws, 2 plastic spoons, 28 plastic bottles, 2 plastic toys, 102 metal caps of bottles, 8 pieces of metal, 4 tins of food, 6 pieces of wire, 4 soft drinks kartons, 5 cigarette packets, 36 cigarett butts, 3 bottles, 62 pieces of broken glass, 6 pieces of wood, 3 pieces of bricks nad 1 condom. Total number of items is 314 which is definity not acceptable and we are not satisfied with this result.

COLLECTING AND DETERMING ANIMALS AND PLANTS

We succeded to collect quite lot of anima nad plant species. After that we determined them using the key books. We did not search for animals on land but we found a scelet of sea turtule (CHELONIIDAE). It could be  CARETTA CARETTA (Linne) or CHELONIA MYDAS (Linne).

  The Adriatic Sea has been used for almost 1000 years and has also been investigated for almost 400 years. Some parts of the Adriatic, actually some families of organisms have been sistematically investigated for almost 100 years.

            According to rough estimates, there are 6000 to 7000 species of plants and animals in the Adriatic Sea, but that doesn’t correspond to the real state.

Large number of species has been unsufficiently investigated. Today’s living world of the Adriatic Sea is a consequerence of various geographical, climatic and biological influences. There is a profusion of forms and colours in the sea dephts and they were created as a result of nature’s creative power.

            During these three days we came across a really heterogeneus flora and fauna in the sea around Priscapac peninsulas. We found different algae, spongia, cnidaria, bivalvia, gastropoda, echinodermata, cephalopoda, pisces, crustacea. Scientists categorized algae to PLANTAE.

However, from 1969. Whittaker and 1999. Margulis & Schwartz suggest new systematics according to which algae are categorized to the world of protocists together with protozoas and spongias.

            Algae are often an indicator of pure or polluted sea. Brown alga PHEOPHTYA grows only in the sure sea, and green alga ULVA RIGIDA is an indicator of a certain pollution in the sea.    We have found :

-         from green algae CHLOROPHYTA : Codium bursa, Codium resmilara

-         from brown algae PHAEOPHTYA : Cystoseira spinosa, Cystoseira cormiculata, Cystoseira schiffneri, Padina pavonica, Colpomenia sinuosa, Sargassum vulgare

-         from red algae RHODOPHYTA : Jania rubens, Laurentia obtusa

Only one plant lives in the Adriatic sea and that creates green fields under the sea and it is called  POSIDONIA OCEANICA.

            Animals we have found mostly live on the bottom and makes so called BENTHOS. These are :  SPONGIA ( 5000 species in the wolrd, 100 species in Adriatic ), AMERICA: CNIDARIA ( Anthozoa, Schiphozoa, Hydrozoa ).

MOLLUSCA ( 130 000 species on the world, 2000 in Adriatic Sea) :

a)    GASTROPODA – Bittium reticulatum, Cerithium vulgatum, Patella sp.

b)    BIVALVIA

c)    CEPHALOPODA – Octopus vulgaris, Eledone moschata, Sepia officinalis, Sepia elegans

POLYMERIA       ( 569 species in Adriatic Sea )

CRUSTACEA      ( 35 000 species on Earth, 1500 in Adriatic Sea )

OLIGOMERIA     - ECHINODERMATA :

a)    Luidia cilvaris, Astropecteu spinulosus, Astropecteu aranciacus

b)    Ophoderma longicaudum

c)    Echinus acutus, Arbacia lixula

 THE WHOLE IS COLLECTING GARBAGE

  MARIN AND ALMIR FOUND SOME BIG GARBAGE

 PART OF THE BEACH

 PREPARING THE BOAT FOR LAUNCHING AND GOING TO THE SEA

 MEASURING TEMPERATURE, TRANSPARENCY, pH AND TAKING SEA SAMPLES

 PLANT SAMPLES AND ANIMAS BENTHOS

 BROWN ALGA

           Posedonia oceanica

 TENDER SEA CUCUMBER

 BLACK SEA URCHIN    ARBACIA LIXULA

 SAMPLES ON THE PRESENTATION

 PRESENTATION OF OUR PROJECT

made by :    DUBRAVKA CETINIĆ, prof.

                     BORKA ŠIMUNOVIĆ, prof.

 MARIN ŽANETIĆ           PATRICIA PALFFY

                        ANA MAŠKOVIĆ                      LILLA TURIAK

                  IVAN PIROVIĆ          DORA LIPPAI

                          GABOR  SCHEILIG                                 ADAM BIRO

                  KATI SIPOS               VIKTORIA KEMENDY

      ANTE BAČIĆ              ALMIR ARNAUTOVIĆ         KAROLA KASSAI

                                GABOR MARTON

LITERATURA  :

Andrić M. :        Hrvatsko podmorje, Car Herc, Zagreb, 1999.

Šerman D. :        Živjeti s morem, Zagreb, 1991.

Domac R. :          Mala flora Hrvatske i susjednih područja, Školska knjiga,

                             Zagreb, 1975.

Gelenčir J. :        Atlas ljekovitog bilja, Prosvjeta, Zagreb, 1991.

Garms H. & Born L . :  Fauna Evrope; priručnik za određivanje, Mladinska

                                          Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana, 1981.

Radna bilježnica iz biologije,   Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.

Štambuk – Fililanovič N : Vode Dalmacije, Biblioteka Zavoda za zdravstvo

                                              Županije Splitsko – dalmatinske, Split, 1994.

Bornie D. :           Ilustrirani leksikon prirode, Mozaik knjiga, Zagreb, 1998.

Habdija J. :          Raznolikost živoga svijeta – životinjski svijet, Zagreb, 1998.

Pavletić Z . :          Raznolikost živoga svijeta – prokarioti, gljive, biljke

                               Profil, Zagreb, 1998.

Nikolić T. :            Herbarijski priručnik, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1996.

 Durrell G. :           Svijet prirode, Grafički zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb, 1990.

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INTRODUCTION

 During the industralization the human population grew, the manufactures and use of products also incried what wasn’t followed by the incrice of know ledge for the care and protection of nature.

That is why a change releted to the dangerous heating of the earth is needed. Taking care of the enviorment and determeting the amount of pollution is not just important for experts, scientist and ecologists, but for all people and for future generations which have the right to live in healthy condiciones.

Unfortenetly the care for the enviroment is necessary, as the determination of the pollution which is not easy, and mostly very expensive.

          The research we made from 26^th to the 31^th of May 2001 here on Priscapac had the goal to determine the physical, chemical and biological factors of the sea, and how do they, together with the interferince of man influence the biocenosis of the seas ecosistem,.

Our ecology group wanted to find out chemical and physical charateristic plants and animals from which we can determine the cleanes of the sea.

That is why we made and investigation of two spots that we named spot A and spot B from which we got all the information, the content of salt, the content of pollution, the temperature and the number of animals and plants life.